Globalization is not successful at solving poverty，a problem that has bothered governments for a long time.Precisely，the great efforts which governments，UN，NPO and NGO have made in annihilating poverty have received limited effect.Currently，BOP，headed by enterprises （especially multinational enterprises），is considered as “the last resort to solve the problem of poverty”.As an emerging highly feasible business model aiming at broadening the markets in developing countries，BOP is gaining increasing attention from both Japanese political and economic circles，and offers a path of strategic shift for companies surviving in a market environment where global economic crisis hit and the trend of deflation is becoming increasingly obvious.This paper sorts and presents concepts related to BOP，analyzes the development of newly emerging BOP business in Japan and explores the significance of promoting BOP in Japan.