As a typical case which reflected the tragedy of scientists under the rule of KMT，Zhou Xinggong’s story is of particular importance for propaganda purposes in 1940s. Although the story is very different from Zhou’s real experiences，it has been reproduced，recreated，repropogated and finally penetrated in social reality and serves the goal of shaping people’s“historical memory”. From being a rumor，to being news to being a literary text and finally to being a kind of history，the process which distorted，magnified and retold the original information is also one of the production of historical knowledge and memory among Chinese people. It is because the“knowledges”constructing our historical memory are always detached from the real history that our cultural values probably have been distorted and changed. This paper aims to explore deeply the complicated relations among history，literature in the 20^th century and politics.