Deepening the reform of the income distribution system，optimizing the structure of income distribution，is the urgent need to accelerate transformation of the mode of economic development，and also the basic act of maintaining social equity，justice，harmony and stability. Since the reform and opening up from 1978，Henan province has seen a steady rise in the income of urban and rural residents，and a significant improvement of the quality of life. But problems existing in the field of income distribution also need to be solved.