上市公司是资本市场价值创造的主体和源泉,制造业是上市公司中最主要的力量,对整个资本市场有举足轻重的影响。本报告从资本价值、产业价值、创新价值和社会价值四个方面评价了制造业上市公司价值创造情况。通过分析,可以看出,制造业上市公司在资本价值创造方面,2018年制造业上市公司在资产回报率、净资产回报率和净利率方面表现均高于A股市场平均水平,毛利率方面略低于A股平均水平,但估值水平上,制造业企业低于A股企业,制造业板块的估值偏低;产业价值创造方面,制造上市公司的核心业务价值加速增长,产业影响力有所加强,但产业影响力价值增速大幅放缓,进入平缓期,产业投入回报价值呈现较大波动;创新价值创造方面,制造业上市企业的平均研发支出占比略高于A股整体水平,其他指标上制造业都低于整体水平,说明制造业研发投入弱于A股整体;社会价值创造方面,制造业上市公司在税收贡献、解决就业、累计分红方面均在上市公司中处于主体地位,可见制造业上市公司在维持社会稳定方面发挥着重要作用。
<<Listed companies are the main subject and source of capital market value creation. Manufacturing industry is the most important force among listed companies and has a significant influence on the entire capital market. This chapter evaluates the value creation of listed companies in manufacturing from four aspects:capital value,industrial value,innovation value and social value. Through analysis,it can be found that in terms of the capital value creation of manufacturing listed companies,compared with the average level of A shares,the listed companies in the manufacturing industry in 2018 are higher than the A shares in terms of return on assets,return on net assets and net interest rate. The gross profit margin is slightly lower than A-shares,but at the valuation level,manufacturing companies are lower than A-shares companies. Therefore,we can come out the conclusion that the valuation of manufacturing sector is low. As for industrial value creation,the core business value of listed companies has accelerated and the industrial influence has been strengthened. However,the growth rate of industrial influence has slowed down sharply and entered a gradual period. Besides,the return value of industrial inputs has fluctuated greatly. With regard to innovation value creation,the listed companies in the manufacturing sector accounted for a slightly higher proportion of the average R&D expenditure than the overall level of the A-shares. The other indicators were all lower than the overall level of manufacturing,which indicates that the investment in manufacturing research was weaker than the whole A-shares. In terms of social value creation,listed companies in manufacturing industry are in a dominant position in listed companies in tax contribution,employment resolution,and cumulative dividends. It can be seen that listed companies in manufacturing industry play an important role in maintaining social stability.
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