Forests are the main component of the natural environment in the Qilian Mountain and also the most basic habitat for biodiversity. Based on the introduction of forest vegetation types in the Qilian Mountain，this paper has analyzed the problems and drivers of degradation for forest ecosystems in the Qilian Mountain，and proposed countermeasures such as establishing and improving long-term ecological protection mechanisms，building an integrated monitoring network of “heaven，earth and space”，innovating development models，and exploring demonstration zone of carbon neutral，for the safety and adaptive management of the forest ecosystems in the Qilian Mountain，in order to promote ecological environmental protection，national park construction，and green transformation and development in the Qilian Mountain.