This paper has systematically studied the current situation of the construction of the ecological security barrier management system in the Qilian Mountains，scientifically analyses the existing problems，accurately takes the pulse from the ecological environment，historical legacy and management relationship，and uses interdisciplinary research methods such as environmental management and environmental sociology to conclude that the construction of a good ecological security barrier management system in the Qilian Mountain requires systematical treatment of the relationship between protection and utilization，responsibility and management，restoration and compensation，supervision and monitoring. Furthermore，the management system and mechanism of the Qilian Mountains National Park should be innovated to explore the implementation of the “private forest manager system”，develop ecological tourism in the park，strengthen propaganda，rely on social forces，and make new contributions to building a solid ecological security barrier in the western China.