The Qilian Mountain，as an important ecological security barrier in the west of China，is an important source of water in the Yellow River basin and a Based on the endowment of natural resources in the Hexi Corridor，this paper provides an objective discussion and analysis of vital difficulties for development of resource-based industry within the region at present. The carbon emission and vegetation carbon sequestration data of the counties in the Qilian Mountains National Park Gansu Area for 2017-2060 have been calculated and predicted by the gray predictive model，and the IPAT-LMDI model has been used to decompose and analyze carbon emissions at the demographic，economic，and technological levels. After clarifying the opportunities and challenges for the development of resource-based industry in the Hexi Corridor under the background of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”，this paper has put forward more targeted policies and recommendations for the development of each resource-based industry，in order to promote the development of local industries and help the Hexi Corridor and Gansu Province to achieve the goals of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” early.