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谢伏瞻
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    美国助残志愿服务发展报告

    摘要

    得益于残疾人权利运动的推动,美国的助残志愿服务成绩斐然。本报告分析了美国助残志愿服务事业的理论背景,梳理了美国助残志愿服务事业的发展阶段,剖析了美国助残志愿服务的法律政策及典型案例,认为美国的助残志愿服务是以联邦政府为主导,社会团体积极参与的项目化运作活动;社区作为助残志愿服务活动的主阵地,为残疾人提供多领域与个性化的服务;政府通过立法保障助残志愿活动双方的权利,并连同社会各界为助残志愿服务提供资金等多方面的支持;在终身志愿服务理念的激励下,老年人和残疾人成为重要的助残服务志愿者群体;美国的助残志愿服务具有明确的就业导向,主张残疾人生活自立;信息化的平台、系统的理论研究成果都在一定程度上促进了美国助残志愿服务质量的提升。

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    Abstract

    Due to the promotion of the disability rights movement,the United States has made great achievements in voluntary service for people with disabilities. This report clarifies the theoretical background and the stages of development of the voluntary service for the disabled in the United States,analyzes the the U.S. federal voluntary legislation and typical cases of the voluntary service for the handicapped in the United States,comes to a conclusion that the federal government has played a leading role in the voluntary service which is commonly operated in the forms of projects,social groups have also take an active part in it. As the main fields of voluntary service activities,the community provides multi-field and personalized services for the disabled. The government guarantees the rights of both sides of the voluntary service activities through legislation,and together with various sectors of the society,provides funds and other support for the voluntary service for the disabled. Motivated by the idea of lifelong volunteer service,the elderly and the disabled have also become an important group of volunteers. The voluntary service for the disabled in the United States is employment-orientated and advocates the disabled to live independently. The highly informative service platforms and systematic theoretical research results have also promoted the the quality of voluntary service for the disabled to a certain extent.

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    作者简介
    华娟:华娟,南京特殊教育师范学院讲师,研究方向为教育管理、大学生思想政治教育。
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