China brings responsibility for criminal wrong case and perfection of mechanism of correction and prevention of criminal wrong case into system of judicial protection of human rights，formulates a series of laws and corrects a group of typical criminal wrong cases. In the face of people’s new requirements and expectations，there are some shortcomings in correction and prevention system of criminal wrong case in China，such as supervision over investigative activities，support for trial center of curt，criminal judicial idea，independent execution of judicial and prosecutorial power，protection of lawyer’s right to defense and so on. In order to carry out the principle of division and restriction of judicial departments，promote justice and protect human rights，law should be perfected and new system should be created.