The Chinese government devoted itself to the responsibility to uphold the right to healthcare for rural population. From the year of 2002，the Chinese government carried out the reform of health care system in rural area. In 2012，the New Rural Cooperative Medical Care （NRCMC） had a much broader coverage with more benefits for the covered population. The Critical Illness Insurance was set up in the same year，which was aimed to prevent the patients’ family from falling down the poverty line because of illness. Although there are still unsolved problems，a new universal coverage of health care without the differences between urban and rural areas is on its way.