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    “双减”背景下对家长“入学准备”教育状况的调查研究

    摘要

    本报告通过对北京市11个区的大班幼儿家长的调查,发现超过半数的家长对孩子的入学准备存在担忧,其中“学习准备”是家长认为最重要也是最担忧的方面;且家长仍然存在片面夸大学习准备的功利性倾向。绝大多数家长选择让孩子进行学科学习,“家长自己辅导”和“线上App”成为主要途径。调查还发现,家长的受教育水平以及家长对“双减”政策的了解情况与家长的入学准备观念和入学准备教育行为存在显著相关性;家长对入学准备教育资讯和服务、了解小学一年级零起点教学情况和入学准备专业指导存在较大需求。为进一步帮助家长形成科学的入学准备观念和入学准备教育行为,本报告从加强政策宣传引导,丰富专业内涵;幼儿园和小学加强科学衔接和双向联动,让家长看到“双减”效果;家庭教育培训指导应兼顾持续性和阶段性,照顾全体和个别;家庭入学准备应培养核心素养,直面早期读写难点痛点4个方面提出对策建议。

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    Abstract

    Through a survey of kindergarten senior classes,this study showed that more than half of parents still have concerns about their children’s “school preparation”,among which “learning preparation” is the biggest concern,and there is a utilitarian tendency to “one-sided knowledge preparation”. 80% parents tend to choose subjects for their children and provide guidance,and often use various APPs. The survey also showed that there is a significant correlation between parents’ educational level and understanding of school enrollment policies and these parents’ school preparation concepts and educational behaviors;there is also a great demand for education policy consultancy,inquiries about the situation of grade-one zero-ground education in primary schools,and demand for necessary professional advice and guidance for school preparation. In order to further facilitate the formation of a scientific educational concept and behavior of school preparation,this study puts forward suggestions in four aspects:strengthen policy publicity and guidance to enrich professional connotation;enhance two-way linkage between kindergartens and primary schools to show the effect of “double reduction” to parents;maintain continuous and phased guidance in home education and training so as to cultivate and consolidate the level of core literacy for all and each family;and propose methods for overcoming the difficulties and pain points in early-age reading and writing.

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    作者简介
    苏婧:苏婧,北京教育科学研究院副研究员,主要研究领域为学前教育政策与幼儿园课程。
    李一凡:李一凡,北京教育科学研究院副研究员,主要研究领域为发展心理学与家庭教育。
    常宏:常宏,北京教育科学研究院助理研究员,主要研究领域为学前教育政策与幼儿园课程。
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