The promulgation of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Promotion of Rural Revitalization provides a legal guarantee for the comprehensive revitalization of rural talents. A study of the construction of the agricultural science and technology talent team in the mountainous areas of southern Anhui finds that the construction lacked stamina，the phenomenon of key talents was obviously broken，the concept of big talents was lagging behind，and the ideological attention was not enough. The main factors that cause the problems are the unclear policy orientation at the grass-roots level，the imperfect incentive mechanism，the inadequate guarantee of elements，and the imperfect talent management system. Agricultural science and technology talents are related to the overall revitalization of the countryside. It is necessary to solve problems from the perspectives of improving the selection mechanism of agricultural science and technology talents，improving the Agricultural Science and Technology Special Commissioner system，establishing an incentive mechanism for agricultural science and technology talents，and innovating training methods according to local conditions.