Food security in countries along the Belt and Road is an issue of long-term concern. At present，with growing uncertainty of climate change，biomass energy development is subject to under the global dual carbon constraints，and amid the spreading COVID-19 epidemic，the Russia-Ukraine conflict is reshaping the geopolitical landscape. In this context，regional food security risks are mounting. The study of food security in countries along the Belt and Road is of typical significance. Based on the Food and Agriculture Organization Statistical Databases （FAOSTAT），this chapter examines the food security situation in countries along the Belt and Road and its potential impacts through descriptive statistical analysis，presenting，to the extent possible，the current picture of agricultural production and economic and social development in countries along the Belt and Road. The findings will help China strengthen Belt and Road agricultural cooperation for improving agricultural production conditions and increasing agricultural productivity；and take full advantage of the domestic huge market to improve trade conditions and expand agricultural imports from countries along the Belt and Road，which will effectively boost the domestic and international circulation.