本报告首先总结了全球碳排放权交易体系的构建与发展过程,梳理了中国碳排放权交易体系由试点走向全国的具体路径以及中国碳市场的运行机制;其次对全国碳排放权交易市场配额的价格波动特征和成交量情况分别进行统计考察,提出我国碳排放权交易市场运行面临的挑战,从内部基础和外部环境两个方面展望全国碳排放权交易市场(以下简称“碳市场”)发展;再次从碳交易履约和抵消两个层面分析了碳交易试点市场运行情况及存在问题,同时阐述了全国碳市场政策演化过程与实施情况;最后针对全国碳市场和各试点市场现存问题与发展特征,提出一系列政策优化建议:持续丰富碳市场产品结构,有序扩大碳市场交易主体范围,进一步完善交易场所建设,加快完善我国企业碳核算实践,建立碳排放持续在线监测的技术规范体系和监管体系,创新货币政策工具,建设国际化碳交易体系,以期为我国碳排放权交易市场完善与经济绿色转型提供经验启示。
<<This chapter firstly summarizes the construction and development of the global carbon emission trading system,sorts out the specific path of China’s carbon emission trading system and the operating mechanism of China’s carbon market. Secondly,it conducts a statistical investigation on the price fluctuation and trading volume of the national carbon emission trading market,and puts forward the challenges and expectations in the development process of the national carbon emission trading market in the internal and external environment. Thirdly,this part analyzes the operations and problems of the pilot carbon trading market from the two aspects of carbon trading performance and offset,and expounds the evolution and implementation of the national carbon market policy. Finally,according to the existing problems and development characteristics of the national carbon market and each pilot market,we put forward policy optimization suggestions and future development prospects,in order to provide experiences and illuminations for China’s carbon market improvement and green economy transformation.
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