In recent years，the United States has formulated a series of policies based on the economic development and industrial security，which aimed at improving the resilience of the American industrial chain and supply chain. The contents of the policies are innovative，forward-looking and well-directed. The global supply chain pattern has undergone major changes and highly influenced by China-U.S. economic and trade frictions，the COVID-19 and other factors. The U.S. government has assessed the resilience of the supply chain in key areas such as semiconductor，large-capacity batteries，critical mineral resources，pharmaceuticals，transportation，and agriculture，and issued a series of policies to improve the resilience of the industrial chain and supply chain，which has promoted the United States to build an industrial chain alliance based on “the same values”. To some extent，it has hindered the rising process of the global value chain of emerging economies and accelerated the reshaping of the global industrial chain and supply chain pattern.