Public service serve as an important function of government，and basic public education service forms an important part of basic public service.This paper investigates and examines the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the Yangtze River Delta（including Shanghai，Jiangsu，Zhejiang and Anhui）from the perspective of regional differences.First of all，this paper constructs the input-output index framework of basic public education services by combing with the existing literature.Secondly，we，by conducting a comparative analysis of the input and output indicators of the two regions from 2011 to 2019，find that the average level of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is always been higher than that of the Yangtze River Delta；for the teacher investment，the change trend of the total number of faculty and staff in the two regions is relatively consistent；that is，the number of kindergartens is increasing rapidly and secondary vocational schools are gradually shrinking；in terms of output，the number of kids or students per 100000 people in kindergartens and primary schools in the two regions is in a fluctuating growth trend，while the number of students per 100000 people in general high schools and secondary vocational schools is in a decreasing trend；however，the Yangtze River Delta is higher than the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in all kinds of schools；as for output quality，the teacher-student ratio in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is higher than that of the Yangtze River Delta.Thirdly，the super-efficiency data envelopment analysis（DEA）is used to evaluate the efficiency of basic public education services in the two places，showing that the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the Yangtze River Delta are slightly higher than the national average，but the former is generally lower than latter.Within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region，Beijing and Tianjin had increased as a whole，while Hebei had declined.Within the Yangtze River Delta，most of the provinces and cities were in the state of DEA efficiency or even super efficiency，which indicates the high efficiency of the Yangtze River Delta region.Fourthly，the Gini coefficient decomposition method is used to decompose the efficiency differences between the two places，showing that the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was in an inefficient equilibrium state，while the Yangtze River Delta in an efficient differentiation state.Fifthly，the results of absolute β convergence model show that the efficiency of basic public education services in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region presented a convergence trend from 2011 to 2019，but there was no convergence trend in the Yangtze River Delta.Based on the above results，this paper holds that the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region should further improve the efficiency of basic public education services by narrowing the internal funding gap，expanding the supply of kindergartens and primary schools，and making a good connection between junior high schools and senior high schools.