Submarine cables are considered as critical infrastructure for data and information security. Submarine cables play an important role in the sustainable development of the Arctic region. In recent years，with the global warming，the increase of the ice-free areas and the extension of the sailing times in the Arctic have provided more opportunities for the laying of submarine cables. Arctic States such as Russia，Finland and Norway are promoting the laying of Arctic submarine cables. There are not only submarine cables mainly distributed in the coastal waters of these States，but also multi-continental and Pan-Arctic submarine cable systems promoted through cooperation between relevant States. However，the development of Arctic submarine cable laying practices still faces challenges such as special ecological environment，state game and competitive use of waters. China can participate in the laying of submarine cables through bilateral or multilateral cooperation with Arctic States，promote the development of domestic submarine cable technologies，and ensure the security of data transmission.