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    进城务工青年身份认同及优化路径——基于粤港澳大湾区城市发展的视角

    摘要

    对粤港澳大湾区1152名进城务工青年进行问卷调查和访谈,发现大湾区进城务工青年具有以下特征:职业偏生产运输类,集中于外商、独资、合资企业;月均收入普遍偏低,收入的绝大多数用于租房;不少青年日常仅与同乡交往,甚至基本不与外人交往;青年自我社会地位认同较低,但对未来充满希望;多数青年较少享受所在城市公共服务,较少参加公益活动。针对进城务工青年的身份认同状况作进一步分析发现,粤港澳大湾区进城务工青年总体上认同“城市身份”,从“归属性”和“赞同性”身份认同的二元结构来看,“赞同性”身份认同要略高于“归属性”身份认同;但同时呈现“想象中的身份认同”和“现实中的区隔”的矛盾特点。建议从优化服务机制、完善内容供给、推动文化融合、创新参与路径、引导政治参与、防范群体污名化等方面增强进城务工青年的身份认同。

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    Abstract

    Based on the questionnaire survey and interview of 1154 young migrant workers in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,it is found that the young migrant workers in Greater Bay Area have the following characteristics:their occupation is partial to production and transportation,and they are concentrated in foreign-funded,wholly-owned and joint-venture enterprises;The average monthly income is generally low,and most of them mainly rent houses;Many young people only associate with their fellow villagers on a daily basis,or even hardly associate with others;Young people’s self-identity in social status is low,but they are full of hope for the future;Most young people fail to enjoy the public services in their cities and seldom participate in public welfare activities. Further analysis of the identity status of migrant youth shows that migrant youth in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area generally agree with “city identity”. From the dual structure of “attribution” and “approval”,the “approval” identity is slightly higher than the “attribution” identity. But at the same time,it shows the dual characteristics of “shallow integration” and “deep separation”,and shows the contradictory characteristics of “imaginary identity” and “real separation”. It is suggested that the identity of young migrant workers should be enhanced by optimizing service mechanism,improving content supply,promoting cultural integration,innovating participation paths,guiding political participation and preventing group stigma.

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    作者简介
    谢素军:谢素军,广州市穗港澳青少年研究所副研究员,广东财经大学特约研究员,主要研究青少年发展、台港澳问题。
    谢碧霞:谢碧霞,广州市团校副教授,主要研究青少年发展、共青团工作。
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