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    中国进城务工青年婚恋与家庭状况研究报告

    摘要

    本文分析了进城务工青年婚恋及家庭的总体状况,包括婚恋观、生育观、家庭性别角色观及相应的婚育行为,并在此基础上总结了进城务工青年在婚恋及生育养育过程中的鲜明特征和主要问题。研究发现:进城务工青年婚恋观呈现代性、多元化发展,多数进城务工青年持有追求少而优的生育观,家庭性别角色观念现代化,性别平等观念持续强化;初婚年龄明显推迟,存在一定的男性婚姻挤压,婚配模式呈现教育同质婚、户籍类型同质婚、传统“男大女小”等特征,多数青年在流动过程中完成婚姻大事,夫妻共同流动比例高;生育数量集中在1~2个孩子,青年家庭小型化;在养育过程中,父母是青年家庭最主要的照料支持者,子女的教育支出对进城务工青年家庭造成较大压力。基于研究结论,本文从倡导婚恋新风气、规范婚姻行为、降低生育成本、促进城乡一体化等方面提出相关建议。

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    Abstract

    This report analyzes the overall situation of marriage and family of young migrant workers,including their values on marriage,childbirth,family gender roles and corresponding marriage and childbearing behaviors,and summarizes the distinctive characteristics and main problems of young migrant workers in the process of marriage,childbirth and upbringing. The study finds that the attitudes towards marriage and love of young migrant works are modernized and diversified. Most young migrant works pursue high quality on children and low children’s quantity,the views of family gender roles are modernized,and the values of gender equality have improved continuously;the age of first marriage delays obviously,and there is a certain marriage squeeze for males,the mating patterns are characterized by educational homogeny,homogeneous registered residence type,and the traditional marriage age type of “men are older than women”;births number is concentrated in 1-2 children,and family size become narrow;in the process of raising children,young migrant workers’ parents are the main care providers,and children’s education expenditure has caused great pressure on young migrant workers’ families. In response to the research conclusions,this report puts forward relevant suggestions from the aspects of advocating a new atmosphere of marriage and family,standardizing marriage behavior,reducing birth costs,and promoting urban-rural integration.

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    作者简介
    周宇香:周宇香,中国青少年研究中心青年发展研究所助理研究员,人口学博士,主要研究青年人口、婚姻家庭。
    王艺璇:王艺璇,中国农业大学人文与发展学院讲师,社会学博士,主要研究城市社会学。
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