This research report mainly uses quantitative research methods to analyze the current situation and diachronic characteristics of Beijing’s population size，structure，quality and distribution，summarizes five characteristics of Beijing’s population development，and summarizes the problems and challenges faced by Beijing’s population development in four aspects：age structure，employment quality，population resources and environment，population development and public services，On this basis，six countermeasures and suggestions are put forward for the balanced development of Beijing’s population in the new era，namely，optimizing the pattern of population development in the capital，improving the policy system of active childbirth support，implementing the national strategy of actively coping with the aging of the population，stabilizing the employment scale and tapping talent dividends，promoting the modernization of population governance capacity.