Based on the survey data of long-term care service for urban and rural residents in 2022，this report discusses the current situation of long-term care service demand of urban and rural residents and the implementation of long-term care insurance. The report is based on the family perspective to study the long-term care service needs of urban and rural residents. On the one hand，the scale of disability of urban and rural elderly is large，and the proportion of severe disability is high. On the other hand，the main caregivers of the disabled elderly in urban and rural areas are their spouses，and care work has a negative impact on their spouses’ physical and mental health. As for the policy effect of long-term care service insurance，the report focuses on the impact of long-term care insurance on family care pressure and economic burden. The results show that there are significant differences between pilot areas and non pilot areas. In the pilot areas，the proportion of family members and relatives participating in care has decreased significantly，while the use of social care has increased significantly. At the same time，the social purchasing power of disabled families in pilot areas has been significantly improved. Based on the research findings，this paper believes that a unified long-term care insurance should be established at the national level as soon as possible. At the same time，based on regional differences，differential treatment payment policies should be implemented，community nursing teams should be established，and the overall care ability of families and society should be improved.