Youth is the future of the country and the nation. It is of great significance for the future of youth and the sustainable social development to understand the current situation of young people’s concept of marriage，family and fertility，and guide them to establish a healthy and rational concept of marriage，family and fertility. For this reason，this report uses the data of 2021 Chinese Social Survey to analyze the current situation of the marriage，family and fertility of young people in urban and rural areas in China，and compares it with data in 2015. The research shows that：① In terms of marriage，the spouse selection standard of urban youth in China is higher than that of rural youth，but the proportion of rural youth in their first marriage is higher than that of urban youth；The proportion of heterogeneous marriage among urban and rural youth in China is increasing，while the proportion of unmarried population is also increasing，and the trend of marriage diversification is strengthening. ② In terms of family，rural youth has a relatively larger subjective family size than urban youth. Both urban and rural youth have higher family satisfaction，but rural youth are slightly lower than urban youth. The trend of smaller families is gradually slowing down，and family satisfaction is rising. ③ In terms of fertility，rural youth have more children than urban youth，but their fertility plans are both negative；The number of two-child families of urban and rural youth has increased，but the family planning for two children has declined. Finally，this report summarizes the problems existing in the concept of marriage，family and fertility of young people in urban and rural areas in China，and puts forward corresponding suggestions.