In July 2021，the National Development and Reform Commission issued in public the “Notice on Promoting and Drawing on Innovative Measures and Experiences and Practices of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone”，systematically and comprehensively promoting 47 innovative measures and empirical practices of Shenzhen in five aspects. 8 of the 47 innovative measures were about the whole-process innovation ecological chain of “basic research + technical research + industrialization of achievements + Fintech + talent support”. The paper comprehensively summarizes the practice and exploration of Shenzhen’s construction of the whole process innovation and ecological chain，starting from the problems such as the shortage of overall efficiency of the innovation system，the demand of breakthrough on reforming the scientific and technological system，and the insufficiency of the original innovation ability. The paper put forward the innovation system to upgrade towards the “whole process innovation ecological chain + four-chain coordination”，the reform of the scientific and technological system to the comprehensive reform，the innovation ability to the all-round upgrade and other countermeasures，and accelerate the construction of a technological and industrial innovation highland with global influence.