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    粤港澳大湾区跨境数据流动问题研究

    摘要

    数字治理的勃兴极大地加速了全球范围的信息化发展。数据存储、使用、保护和流动机制等问题悄然出现。尤其是数据面临跨境流动难题时,将进一步增大治理难度。跨境数字流动中注重对信息保护、数据安全等问题的法律规制是全球共识,既是域内治理问题,也是国际法律问题。粤港澳大湾区具有“一国两制”三法域的特殊性,其数据跨境流动性受多重因素影响,对内要实现区内要素流动,对外要实现与全球要素市场和规则体系的对接,必须探索一条推动区内数据跨境流通的有效路径。国际社会对此已有一些较好的实践:联合国倡导更加开放包容的全球数字体系,美国构建了基于“自由主义”的数据共享模式,欧盟采用区内外区分的跨境数据治理机制等,为粤港澳大湾区数据跨境流动提供了经验借鉴。然而,粤港澳大湾区跨境数据流动仍然面临若干困难与障碍。下一步,应借鉴先进经验,统筹域内、涉外两重治理机制,以多元路径完善粤港澳大湾区跨境数据流动机制。

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    Abstract

    The continuous prosperity of digital governance has accelerated the informationization wave at the global range. Issues such as data store,use,protection,mobility mechanism have gradually come out,to name but a few. In particular,the cross-border data flows has been an issue that would further escalate the governance difficulty. The cross-border data in flow is relevant to the legal regulation on the issues such as information protection,data security,which has already been a global consensus. The cross-border data flow is both an issue of domestic governance and an issue in international law. The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is featured by the “one country,two systems three scopes of law”. The mobility of cross-border data has been influenced by multiple factors. Internally,the regional mobility of the key factors shall be made while externally the connection with the global market of key factors and the rule system shall be made. An effective path shall be explored to promote the regional cross-border data flows. The international community has applied some good practices on that. UN advocates a more open and inclusive global digital system. US has constructed the conditional liberalism mode. EU has taken the governance mechanism on cross-border data flow by identifying the internal or external data from the continent. The cases have provided the beneficial experience to the cross-border data governance in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. However,the cross-border data governance in the Bay Area is still faced with several obstacles and dilemmas. In the next step,the Bay Area shall learn the advanced experience,coordinate the dual governance mechanism internally and externally,and fulfill the mobility mechanism on the cross-border data in the Bay Area through diversified paths.

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    作者简介
    吴燕妮:吴燕妮,法学博士,深圳市社会科学院经济研究所研究员,主要研究方向为金融监管、自贸区制度。
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