The construction of China’s national parks is still in its infancy. With changes in external conditions such as climate，economy and policies，we may face more challenges from uncertain factors in the future. However，traditional planning is usually difficult to resolve such problems. Scenario planning is a process method to describe the state and development framework of the future system by permutation and combination of a series of key variables，focusing on dynamic，complicated，and uncertain issues in development. Basis according to the present situation and the unknown future development of National Parks in China，this study attempts to construct the framework of national park scenario planning from four aspects：scenario thematic focus，key factors identification，scenario description and dynamic time sequence evaluation. We take Shennongjia National Park system pilot area as an example，with the contradiction between tourism development and ecological protection as the breakthrough point to build a different scenario planning of ecological tourism development mode，in order to provide a new auxiliary tool for planning decisions，management practices and public participation in national parks.