The Yellow River valley is the important birthplace of Chinese agricultural civilization，where the stone age agricultural culture sprouted and developed. For thousands of years，Chinese civilization has flourished and developed. Sustained progress in agriculture in the Yellow River basin has played a fundamental role. The region’s agricultural cultural heritage includes farming and animal husbandry in the context of dry farming，widespread fruit tree planting，intensive use of water and soil resources，and traditional planting techniques that have been used ever since. Many practices embody the concept of “harmony between man and nature”. The long-standing agricultural culture in the Yellow River basin is facing unprecedented problems and crises. This should be planned in advance，adapted to local conditions，protected the environment with the effective inheritance and protection.