The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the high-quality development of the digital economy，and clearly propose to promote the construction of a nationally integrated big data center and accelerate the deployment of new infrastructure construction. The National Development and Reform Commission and the other four departments jointly issued a series of policy documents on accelerating the construction of a national integrated big data center collaborative innovation system，which is of great strategic significance for deepening government-enterprise collaboration，industry collaboration，regional collaboration，and comprehensively supporting the digital upgrading and digital transformation of various industries. This paper explains the background of the policy and the current research status at home and abroad，analyzes several pain points，difficulties and blocking points that restrict the development of big data collaborative innovation in China，expounds the overall framework and the key issues of the national integrated big data center collaborative innovation system，and analyzes the promotion path of accelerating the construction of the national big data center system，in order to provide a useful reference.