Affected by the imbalance of urban and rural development，the only-child-died rural families suffer from more serious physical and mental health problems and social exclusion than those in urban areas，and they also face more difficulties in raising and supporting the intergenerational mixed families and getting access to medical care and pension. The solution of the plight of rural families who lost their only-child is inseparable from the improvement of social security and the construction of social support system. How to make the rural only-child-died families survive and develop is ultimately the social and public responsibility. Only when the responsible subjects play their respective functions can they help the only-childdied rural parents effectively deal with various difficulties and step into the track of normal life and development.