since 2015，Beijing has actively promoted the relief of non-capital functions，carried out regulation on population scale，accelerated the downward trend of population growth，and the population scale has entered the stage of being stable with a slight decline. At the same time，there are new development characteristics in terms of population structure，distribution and migration. Considering the changes of the situation at home and abroad and the needs of economic transformation and development，this report comprehensively estimates the multiple challenges faced by Beijing’s population development，and proposes to update the concept of population development with ideas of systematic development and promote the high-quality development of the population.