2021年是“十四五”规划实施的第一年,通过收集和分析国家层面和地方各级政府制定发布的应急管理“十四五”相关规划,得到不同层级规划制定发布的基本情况,以及在规划目标、主要任务和重点工程项目等方面的一些共性和差异性特征。研究分析表明,国家—省—市—县各级政府都组织编制了应急管理“十四五”相关规划;随着国家机构改革和职能调整,原来涵盖四大类突发事件的应急体系建设规划已调整成了涵盖自然灾害和事故灾难两大类突发事件的应急体系规划;在规划目标指标方面,约束性指标大多采用生产安全事故和自然灾害后果性指标,预期性指标主要是能力建设类指标,尚没有形成系统性的应急能力规划指标体系;在规划的主要任务和重点工程项目方面,不同层级、不同地方的内容框架各有不同,但核心内容都是围绕应急管理体制机制法治、风险防控、应急救援、应急保障、社会协同、公众自救互救等方面展开,各地也根据各自的风险特点和应急体系现状进行了适当调整、补充和细化。
<<2021 is the first year of the implementation of the 14th Five-Year Plans,through the collection and analysis of the relevant 14th Five-Year plans for emergency management formulated and issued at the national and local levels,we can get the basic information of the formulation and release of different levels of plans,as well as some common and different characteristics in terms of plan objectives,main tasks and key engineering projects. The research and analysis shows that:the national-provincial-municipal-county governments at all levels have prepared the relevant 14th Five-Year plans for emergency management. According to Web searching results,as of December 31,2021,the national level plans and 10 provincial-level plans have not yet been public released. With the reform of state institutions and the adjustment of their functions,the Five-Year emergency system plan that originally covered all the four major categories of emergencies has been adjusted to plans covering only two major categories of emergencies,i.e. natural disasters and accidental disasters. In terms of the target indicators planned,most of the binding indicators are consequence indicators of work safety accidents and natural disasters,and the expected indicators are mainly capability building indicators,but there are no systematic emergency capability indicators;In terms of the main tasks and key projects planned,the content frameworks of different levels and different places are different,but the core contents are centered on the emergency management system,risk prevention and control,emergency rescue,emergency support,social coordination,public evolvement,etc.,and all levels have also made appropriate adjustments,supplements and refinements according to their respective risk characteristics and the current situation of their emergency system.
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