China’s 14th Five-Year Plan focuses on “building a strong public health system” and arranges a series of key projects，local governments release opinions and policies；Chinese scholars have made some theoretical research results on public health capacity building combined with social governance and emergency process. The national and local finances have also continued to increase investment in public health capacity building for NCP. In 2021，the global epidemic of NCP remains in a pandemic state，and the NCP virus has undergone the mutation of Delta and Omicron，and the world is supporting the prevention and control of the epidemic in terms of nucleic acid detection capacity，vaccine and therapeutic drug development. In 2021，the government of China takes regular effective measures and “dynamic zero COVID-19 strategy” to prevent and control epidemic. It is recommended to address the problem of cascading public health emergency management from the perspective of development and security，to continuously improve health-related scientific and technological innovation capabilities，to improve relevant regulations and rules，and to support more scientific and law-based prevention.