Establishing and improving the value realization mechanism of ecological products is the fundamental way to thoroughly implement Xi Jinping’s ecological civilization thought and practice the concept of “lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”. In recent years，the theoretical understanding of ecological product value realization in China has been continuously deepened，the institutional framework has been continuously improved，the multi-level pilot project has been further promoted，the supporting policies have been continuously improved，the mechanism innovation has achieved important results，the exploration of characteristic models has been advanced in an orderly manner，and the realization of ecological product value has made positive progress. However，there are still many bottlenecks in the theoretical understanding of ecological product value realization and mechanism innovation. The understanding of ecological products focuses on the improvement of natural ecosystem service supply capacity and value transformation，which is insufficiently integrated with the requirements of comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development. The property rights system for resource assets，the value accounting system for ecological products，the compensation system for ecological protection，and the market transaction system for ecological products and property rights still need to be improved. Therefore，Establishing and improving the value realization mechanism of ecological products should focus on the weak and weak links，strengthen system and mechanism innovation，open up mechanism silts and blocking points，explore differentiated models according to local conditions，and accelerate the formation of replicable and popularized supporting policies according to different main functions，different development stages，and different types of natural ecosystems.