The year 2020 is the final year of the 13th Five-Year Plan period. With data analysis of the existing statistics and by means of symposiums and interviews，this report conducts a comparative study of the basic situation of teaching staff construction in primary and secondary schools in Beijing and Shanghai，focusing on three aspects：the differences of relevant indicators，the differences of current situation of teachers’ personnel management，and the general situation of teachers’ status. Based on the comparative analysis，this paper also puts forward a series of policy suggestions：improving the status of primary and secondary school teachers in big cities，enhancing appeal to male teachers，and deepening the reform of personnel management systems and mechanisms.