A survey on the survival status of rural teachers shows that first，some teachers have heavy tasks and most feel fatigued. Second，many teachers do not have a strong sense of professional belonging and are at a loss about their professional prospect. Third，a small number of teachers get quite a lot of financial pressure from family. Fourth，the relationship between teachers and parents is becoming more and more complicated and teachers tend to be alienated from villagers. Besides，the health problems of rural teachers have not caught enough attention with a risk of worsening physical and mental health. In this context，it is necessary to further implement various treatment policies，promote the participation of local organizations in school governance and improve the management of teaching staff. Moreover，advocating the ethos of respecting teachers and valuing education in society，stimulating the endogenous motivation of rural teachers’ professional development，and improving the supply mechanism of teachers in rural areas，as well as strengthening supervision and accountability should also be emphasized.