数据要素已成为数字经济时代最核心的生产要素,如何发挥数据要素的效率倍增作用、促进数字经济高质量发展已经成为当前亟待解决的重要问题。在全部类型的数据中,个人数据占比最高,面临的挑战也最大:个人数据虽然由个人创建,但在很多情况下却需要在企业之间流转,责任主体和利益主体不一致,导致个人数据流转困难。个人信息可携带权提供了解决这个问题的思路。个人信息可携带权赋予个人主动在企业间流转个人信息的权利,因而有望解决个人数据流转困难的问题。本报告对全球现有主要个人信息可携带权的实践模式进行梳理,从安全存储、可信传输、协同生产三方面分析平台主导和政府主导两种模式的优势和局限性,并提出基于区块链底层的个人主导的个人信息可携带权实践模式,以期为个人数据流转和个人信息保护实践提供借鉴和参考。
<<Data is the core factor of production in digital economy. Topics such as to improve the production efficiency and promote the high-quality development of digital economy have been an important problem. Personal data makes up of the largest proportion among all types of data as well as carries a series of challenges in governance across various fields. Above all,transferring personal data between different institutions is a key challenge due to the inconsistence between the liability subject and the party in interest. Right to data portability is an innovative resolution that entitles the rights to individuals to transfer personal information between institutions. This article not only analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of platform-driven and government-driven models in secure storage,trusted transfer and collaborative production,but also proposes individual-driven practices based on blockchain particularly to realize the right to data portability.
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