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谢伏瞻
    中国社会科学院学部委员,学部主席团主席,研究员,博士生导师。历任中国社会科学院院长、党组书记,国务院发展中心副主... 详情>>
蔡 昉
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李培林
    男,汉族,出生于1955年5月,山东济南人,博士,研究员,全国人民代表大会社会建设委员会副主任委员,中国社会科学... 详情>>

    2020年中国装备制造业发展展望

    摘要

    2020年,新冠肺炎疫情的持续蔓延使全球经济遭到重创。国际上,我国中低端装备制造产业链面临向新兴经济体转移的压力,高端装备则受到以欧美国家为首的发达国家的技术垄断和激烈竞争,相关风险不可忽视。就国内来看,疫情之下我国在经济总量、产业结构转型、科技成果和外贸体量方面均有亮眼表现,但部分关键技术与设备所面临的“卡脖子”问题仍要高度重视。总体来说,我国制造业发展稳中有进,但结构调整、转型升级的任务还很艰巨。当前我国装备制造业投资市场风险投资和企业并购事件较为频繁,公开募股的活跃程度则有所下降,部分新兴技术、高端装备等领域,如“5G+工业互联网”、工业机器人、商业航天、高性能医疗设备、锂电设备等成为投资热点。装备制造业在今后的发展中应加强防范宏观经济、管理运营、技术创新以及融资和市场开拓等方面的风险,着力营造产业基础稳固、产业结构优化、产业动能升级的新局面。

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    Abstract

    In 2020,the continuous spread of COVID-19 has hit the global economy hardly. Internationally,our country’s low-end equipment manufacturing industry chain is facing pressure to shift to emerging economies,and high-end equipment is subject to technological monopoly and multiple suppression by developed countries led by European and the American countries,and related risks cannot be ignored. Domestically,under the epidemic,our country has achieved outstanding performance in terms of economic aggregate,industrial structure transformation,scientific and technological achievements and foreign trade volume,but the problem of “stuck neck” faced by some key technologies and equipment still need to be attached great importance. Generally speaking,the development of our country’s manufacturing industry is stable and progressing,but the task of structural adjustment,transformation and upgrading is still very arduous,and it will still move forward under pressure in the future. At present,venture capital and corporate mergers and acquisitions are frequent in our country’s equipment manufacturing investment market,while the activity of public offerings has declined. Some emerging technologies,high-end equipment manufacturing and other fields have become investment hotspots,such as “5G + industrial internet”,industrial robots,commercial aerospace,high-performance medical equipment,lithium battery equipment,etc. In the future development of the equipment manufacturing industry,we should insist on making progress while maintaining stability. By preventing risks in macro-control,finance,market,technology,management and operation,we will provide a good environment for the stable development of the industry,and strive to create a stable industrial foundation and industrial structure. A new situation of optimization and industrial kinetic energy upgrade.

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    作者简介
    史仲光:史仲光,教授级高级工程师,机械工业经济管理研究院副院长,兼职业发展与评价研究所所长,机械工业职业技能鉴定指导中心执行主任,主要从事职业教育评价与认证研究。
    张挺:张挺,博士,高级经济师,机械工业经济管理研究院院长助理、产业经济研究所所长、环境能源研究所所长、发展战略研究所执行所长,主要从事复杂系统科学、产业经济、农业农村改革研究。
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