This report provides an overview of the situation of family investment in child-rearing in China，including the economic investment in children’s education and the non-economic investment in childcare and parenting，and how family investment varies across family backgrounds. Based on the data from the China Family Panel Studies 2010，2014 and 2020，the report shows an increase in Chinese families’ economic investment in their children’s education and scientific parenting practices over the past 10 years. These practices，however，place a high financial and emotional burden on families. Families with different socioeconomic statuses and structures differ in their child-rearing investment behaviors：urban families and families with more educated parents invest more monetary and non-monetary resources in child-rearing than rural families and families with less educated parents. Within families，mothers and grandparents disproportionally adopt more childcare responsibilities than fathers. Single-parent families are worse than two-parent families in providing childcare and child supervision. Conflict-ridden families，which are with strained parental relationship，tend to have worse parent-child relationships than families without parental conflicts. The report suggests that the government should take actions to reduce the cost of child-rearing，encourage fathers to actively participate in childcare，provide family guidance program to promote harmonious parental relationships，and provides more support to single-parent families to build a friendly social environment for all families in China.