Molecular diagnostics is a collection of molecular biology techniques used to detect the genome or gene expression of human and pathogens. And the Molecular diagnostic market has emerged as one of the important and fastest growing segment in the in-vitro diagnostic industry. There are four stages in the development of molecular diagnostics：molecular hybridization，polymerase chain reaction（PCR），biochip technology and high-throughput sequencing（also known as next-generation sequencing，NGS）. In China，molecular diagnostic techniques were slow-growing in the early period. But the Molecular diagnostic market size has been expanded at a high growth rate in these years，and the molecular diagnostic technology has also been developed so quickly. The rapid growth of the new molecular detection area of nucleic acid，such as blood screening，human papillomavirus（HPV）screening and 2019-nCoV detection，etc. With the development and application of high-throughput sequencing，the detection market of tumor accurate diagnosis and reproductive health screening are growing rapidly. Overall，Molecular diagnostics is very important to human health，and the Molecular diagnostic market will continue to flourish.