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    2021年中国外汇管理报告

    摘要

    2021年,外汇管理为经济高质量发展营造了良好的金融外汇环境。全球疫情冲击下,抗击疫情、保障用汇,帮助企业减手续降成本,外汇市场秩序维护成效显著。贸易强国战略下,外贸新模式新业态加快发展;伴随资本项目业务办理流程优化,跨境投融资便利化水平不断提升;支持国家战略和区域开放创新,推进私募股权投资基金跨境投资;在统筹发展与安全的背景下,始终坚持防范跨境资金异动风险。新发展格局下,国际收支平稳运行,国际收支基础账户与人民币汇率相关联,外汇储备仍然是中央银行货币稳健的重要保障。稳外贸稳外资下,人民币国际使用程度稳步提升,金融账户系统优化促进跨境人民币使用,跨境资金净流出先扩大后逐步收敛。通过强化账户管理,便利境外机构配置人民币债券,本外币合一的跨境资金池业务稳步推进,人民币国际化进程稳慎推进。伴随“宏观审慎+微观监管”两位一体管理框架不断完善,稳慎推进人民币国际化与防范跨境资金流动风险相互协同,促进高质量发展。

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    Abstract

    In 2021,foreign exchange management created a good financial and foreign exchange environment for high-quality development. With the facilitation pilot expansion and quality improvement of foreign exchange revenue and expenditure under current account,new forms and models of international trade continued to develop. Overall development and security,we have effectively prevented the risk of abnormal fluctuation of cross-border capital flows. With the process optimization of capital account,we have improved the facilitation level of cross-border investment and financing,promoted cross-border investment of private equity funds,and RMB internationalization. Under the impact of the global epidemic,we fought the epidemic,ensured the use of foreign exchange,helped enterprises reduce procedures and costs,and achieved remarkable results in maintaining the order of the foreign exchange market. Under the new development pattern,China’s Balance of payments operated smoothly. The basic balance of BOP related to the RMB exchange rate,and Foreign exchange reserves was still an important guarantee for the monetary stability of the central bank. The international use of RMB was steadily improved by the financial account system optimization. With the continuous improvement of “macro-prudence + micro-supervision” management framework,preventing cross-border capital flow risks and RMB internationalization coordinated and promoted high-quality development.

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    作者简介
    林楠:林楠,经济学博士,金融学博士后,副研究员,中国社会科学院金融研究所国际金融与国际经济研究室副主任,主要研究方向为国际金融、人民币汇率与国际化战略。
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