Promoting the modernization of rural governance in Sichuan province is of great significance to rejuvenate Sichuan to a new level and promote common prosperity. In recent years，Sichuan Province has made great beneficial explorations in the process of promoting the modernization of rural governance and formed its own unique rural governance models. However，there are also many problems while making achievements. This article analyzes the realistic basis of promoting rural governance in Sichuan and summarizes the specific practice of promoting rural governance under the background of poverty alleviation and Rural Revitalization. On this foundation，it puts forward the challenges and countermeasures to further promote the modernization of rural governance