国内法域外适用是一国行使域外管辖权之时,将该国具有域外效力的法律适用于其管辖领域之外的人、物或行为的过程。属地管辖、属人管辖、保护性管辖与普遍管辖构成国际法认可的国内法域外适用的管辖基础。中国法域外适用主要涉及公法性法律法规。其中,经济法、行政法等法律部门域外适用问题尤为突出。相关立法滞后于时代的发展与实践的需求,主要表现在域外适用的立法依据缺位或不足、立法条件设定不尽合理以及立法衔接有所欠缺。当前,中国法域外适用法律体系建设的首要任务应当是补足相关法律的域外适用条款。在域外适用条款的制定上,应当合理设定中国法域外适用的界限。与此同时,还应当注意域外法适用实体法与程序法的衔接。
<<The extraterritorial application of domestic law means when one country exercises extraterritorial jurisdiction,it applies its domestic laws with extraterritorial effects to persons,objects and conducts outside of its jurisdiction. Territorial jurisdiction,personal jurisdiction,protective jurisdiction and universal jurisdiction are international-law recognized jurisdictional basis for extraterritorial application of domestic law. Extraterritorial application of Chinese law mainly concerns public law rules and regulations. The problems with extraterritorial application of economic laws and administrative laws are particularly noteworthy. Legislation in these area lags behind the times and cannot satisfy practical needs. First,the legal bases for extraterritorial application are lacking or absent. Second,the conditions for extraterritorial application are not quite reasonably set. Third,coordination between different laws on extraterritorial application is insufficient. Currently,the chief task for the construction of a legal system of extraterritorial application of Chinese laws is to equip relevant laws with extraterritorial application clauses. The confines of extraterritorial application of Chinese laws should be reasonably delimitated. In the meantime,attention should be paid to the coordination of substantive and procedural laws regarding extraterritorial application.
<<Keywords: | Legislative ImprovementExtraterritorial JurisdictionForeign-Related Rule of LawExtraterritorial Application of Domestic Law |