中国一直由法院通过《反不正当竞争法》一般条款对互联网领域不正当竞争进行有效规制,但2017年修订的《反不正当竞争法》加入“互联网专条”,为行政执法部门提供了一定的自由裁量权。最高人民法院和国家市场监督管理总局在2021年公布的相关法律文件草案显示,法院和行政执法部门均试图通过细化“互联网专条”来规制互联网不当竞争行为。但在具体落实中,需要秉持《反不正当竞争法》的侵权法定位,对“竞争秩序”和行政救济方式的界限加以明确,在《反不正当竞争法》架构下对消费者群体利益予以保护,在权利保护的基础上才能对互联网领域的正当竞争予以有效维护。
<<Courts in China have effectively adjudicated cases relating to unfair competition practices in the Cyberspace with the application of the General Clause of the Law against Unfair Competition. When the Law against Unfair Competition was amended in 2017,the so-called Cyberspace Clause has been inserted therein and has since provided some deliberation space for its administrative enforcement. The Supreme Court and the State Administration for Market Regulation of China respectively disclosed their proposed draft measures in 2021 to effectively implement the Cyberspace Clause,which,nevertheless,shall conform fully to the right safeguarding logic against the unfair competition practices in the Cyberspace. Firstly,tort law has to be reaffirmed as the roots of the Law against Unfair Competition. Secondly,the concept like competition order shall be clearly defined. Thirdly,the limits for administrative remedy shall be strictly delineated. Lastly,collective interests of consumers shall be acknowledged and respected in the framework of the law against unfair competition.
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