In recent years，Shandong courts have vigorously enhanced the construction of smart courts and focused on the construction and generalization of one-stop litigation service system and whole-process paperless online case handling system to help realize the modernization of trial system and trial capacity. The promulgation of the Rules of Online Litigation of People’s Court provides a definite legal basis for People’s courts and all litigation subjects to carry out online litigation activities，preliminarily building the online litigation rule system，and making up for the relevant legal gaps. This paper describes the development stage of the whole-process paperless online case handling mode of Shandong courts，and the operation of online litigation rules under the whole-process online case handling mode of Shandong. In addition，this paper finds that in practice，the online litigation mode is faced with problems and challenges urgently need the recognition and acceptance of the parties，the mutual recognition，and support of the social system，the active participation of the legal professional community，the standardization of the Internet court order，the integration between business systems and the data security.