It is of great significance for promoting regional coordinated development and urban-rural integration development to explore and reveal the spatial difference law of regional development in Beijing. Based on the economic and social statistical data of 16 districts in Beijing from 2010 to 2020，this paper quantitatively calculates the degree of development differences between districts，analyzes and reveals the spatial differences of Beijing’s regional development pattern，and then puts forward the optimization path and regulation countermeasures of Beijing’s regional pattern. The results show that：the economy of all districts in Beijing continues to grow，and the economic development gap between districts continues to expand；through the implementation of several rounds of action plans for the south of the city，the development gap between the north and the south area has been narrowing；here is a large income gap between urban and rural，and the urban-rural income ratio shows a decreasing trend；the resident population density decreases from the central urban area to the surrounding suburbs，and the spatial pattern of urban population tends to be more balanced. Under the guidance of the goal of common prosperity，in order to solve the problem of unbalanced and insufficient regional development in Beijing，it is proposed to optimize the industrial spatial layout，improve the mechanism of assistance and coordinated development between regions，explore the reform of income distribution system，and promote the equalization of basic public services between urban and rural areas.