The Gulf of Guinea has become one of the world’s most heavily pirate waters. In recent years，the pirate organizations in this region have been characterized by strong combat strength and cruel means，enhanced far-sea crime capability，gradually revealed organizational and coordination ability，further improved crime chains，and still obvious tendency to conspire with terrorism. The international community has actively participated in the anti-piracy work directly or indirectly by sending warships，providing military assistance，carrying out joint military exercises，enhancing the maritime governance capacity of relevant countries，and calling on relevant parties to increase input. However，the problem of piracy in the Gulf of Guinea cannot be fundamentally improved in a short time due to the serious lack of maritime governance capacity of countries in the region，the difficulty in learning from the experience of anti-piracy activities in Somalia，the difficulty in eradicating the social development dilemma that caused the piracy problem，and the normalization of COVID-19.