Waste classification is a key “minor matter” to promote the modernization of capital governance system and governance capacity，as well as an important measure to achieve the goal of “Beautiful China”. As Beijing enters the “compulsory era” of garbage classification，the main goal of the “14th Five-year Plan” requires that “waste classification should become a conscious action of residents of the whole city”. On the first anniversary of the implementation of compulsory waste classification policy，preliminary effects have been achieved in waste classification，but there are some misunderstandings in the process of mobilizing residents to form a conscious action by the government，including unclear priority goals of waste classification mobilization，excessive administrative intervention and alienation of mobilization means. In order to maintain the effectiveness of waste classification and develop residents’ self-conscious action，Beijing should implement the priority of waste disposal and clarify the classification objectives of source reduction and resource recycling；give play to the guiding role of market mechanism and improve the Extended Producer Responsibility system；restrain the public’s behavior and change the positive incentive into negative incentive.