Biodiversity is an important basis for the survival and development of mankind，and its protection is closely related to the future of a country and a nation. As a major biodiversity country，China has given top priority to the protection of biodiversity across the country and has made many remarkable achievements. In particular，since the 18th CPC National Congress，under the guidance of Xi Jinping’s thought on ecological protection for the new era，the Chinese government has done a lot of work in exploring the Chinese way for biodiversity conservation and embarked on a path of biodiversity conservation with Chinese characteristics. However，China still has many deficiencies in biodiversity management capacity，talent building，institutional support and national action. In the future，biodiversity survey should be further carried out with county as unit to establish a standardized biodiversity database. Anther initiatives，including biodiversity monitoring network improving，coordinating the relationship between biodiversity conservation and other strategic projects，the mainstreaming of biodiversity and the participation of the whole people，should be enhanced to build a sustainable mechanism for biodiversity conservation.