The legal system of ecological civilization is to realize environmental fairness and justice，protect citizens’ environmental rights and interests，prevent the destruction of the environment on which human beings depend，and maintain the order value of ecological environmental protection by legal means. The construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics needs to rely on a sound legal system. Under the guidance of the ecological civilization concept of “green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains”，in order to achieve the goal of green，low-carbon，circular and sustainable development，China should speed up the construction process of ecological civilization and rule of law and constantly improve the design of ecological civilization and rule of law system. China has written ecological civilization into the Constitution and initially formed an ecological and environmental protection legal system under the guidance of the Constitution and supported by the laws of various departments. However，in order to continuously improve the quality of legislation，law enforcement efficiency and judicial effect，we should constantly improve and perfect China’s ecological damage compensation system and environmental property right system from the perspective of legislation. In terms of law enforcement，we should strengthen the punishment of environmental violations and require punitive compensation for the subjects of environmental violations. In terms of judicature，we should innovate and improve the judicial means to remedy the damaged ecological environment.