A sound ecosystem is essential for the prosperity of civilization. The construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics is an important content，key direction and major strategy in China’s socialist construction in the new period. The concept，lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets，is an important element of Xi Jinping’s thought on ecological civilization. In the process of integrating into all aspects of ecological civilization construction，this concept has guided the construction of ecological civilization in China to make remarkable achievements continuously. The key task of the construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics is to comprehensively promote the green transformation of economic and social development，strictly abide by the ecological red line，build a legal system for ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics，actively participate in the global environmental governance process such as climate change and conservation of biodiversity，and strengthen international environmental cooperation. The strategic focus of the construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics should be optimizing the development and protection of national land space and improving the quality of the ecosystem，implementing comprehensive management of the drainage basin environment and off-shore area，and comprehensively advancing the key tasks to reduce pollution and carbon and the strategy of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”，and establishing a market-oriented and diversified ecological compensation mechanism with biodiversity conservation as the gripper，so as to realize the systematization，institutionalization and scientization of ecological civilization construction.