The river chief system to the large extent has solved the stubborn disease of “Kowloon water control”，but due to the limitations of regional division and segmented assessment，there are also shortcomings. Based on the empirical analysis of the water quality changes of the ten years，it shows the systematic view of basin governance and the ecological civilization direction of basin governance legislation. Cross-regional government cooperation，institutional cooperation and coordination in the whole river basin will be contained by local areas and administrative division units. Basin management needs to establish system view，and scientific system view is the due meaning of river basin legislation. Paying attention to the integrity，relevance，hierarchy，dynamics and openness of the watershed is the meaning and ability of the watershed legislation. The concept of legislation is to establish a systematic view，the legislative path is a key breakthrough，and to ensure legislation is to strengthen the responsibility for green development of the Party and government at all levels.